When Luiz Inácio “Lula” da Silva defeated right-wing populist incumbent Jair Bolsonaro in the 2022 Brazilian presidential election, his victory was touted by many as a “return to normality” for Latin America’s most populous nation. But on a policy level, Lula’s government has proved uninterested in simply maintaining the status quo, instead embracing wholesale economic reforms and investments to fundamentally transform Brazil’s economy.

— Jiyon Chatterjee

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